Item Details

title

The Association of Race, Sex, and Neighborhood Disadvantage with Neurovascular Function in the U.S POINTER

author

McCarron, Megan Elizabeth

abstract

Background and Purpose: Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) disproportionately affect minorities and socially disadvantaged groups. To add to our current understanding of the interplay between socioeconomic factors and demographic factors in the development of ADRD, this study investigates whether neighborhood disadvantage, sex, and race are associated with baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and cerebral vasomotor reactivity, two measures of neurovascular function that have been previously associated with ADRD, in the US POINTER-Neurovascular Study. Methods: This study utilized baseline data from 196 participants enrolled in the U.S. POINTER Neurovascular study. BRS was assessed using continuous blood pressure and heart rate monitoring. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity was determined by inducing hypocapnia and hypercapnia and was calculated as a ratio of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) changes over resting CBFV, expressed as a percentage. CBFV was assessed using Transcranial Doppler of the middle cerebral artery. Neighborhood disadvantage was measured using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI).Results: People of color (POC) had better BRS than white participants (POC=10.634.69 ms/mmHg, white=8.644.47 ms/mmHg, p=0.0061). Males had better BRS than females, but only after adjusting for demographic factors (males=9.825.19 ms/mmHg, females=8.914.29 ms/mmHg, p=0.0215). Individuals residing in regions of low disadvantage had better cerebral vasomotor reactivity than individuals residing in regions of mid disadvantage (low=62.3314.49%, mid=46.8517.84%, p=0.0254). Conclusions: Male sex, non-white race, and lower neighborhood disadvantage are associated with better neurovascular function in older adults at risk for AD.

subject

Alzheimer's Disease

Area Deprivation Index

Baroreflex Sensitivity

Health Disparities

Neighborhood Disadvantage

Vasomotor Reactivity

contributor

Brinkley, Tina (advisor)

Foy, Capri (committee member)

Hughes, Timothy (committee member)

date

2023-07-25T17:48:44Z (accessioned)

2023-07-25T17:48:44Z (available)

2023 (issued)

degree

Neuroscience (discipline)

identifier

http://hdl.handle.net/10339/102271 (uri)

language

en (iso)

publisher

Wake Forest University

type

Thesis